New+Nation

Thomas Jefferson Thomas jefferson wrote and sign the declaration of independence. When jefferson became president the crisis in France had passed. He cut Army and Navy expenditures, cut thebudget, eliminated the tax on whiskey so unpoplar in the West, reduced the national debt by a third. He sent a naval squadron to fight the Barbary pirates, that were harassing American cimmerce in the Mediterranean. Although the Constitution made no provision for the acquisition of new land, Jefferson suppressed his qualms over constitutionality whe nhe had the chance to acquire the Louisiana Territory from Napoleon in 1803. During his secon term his was increasingly busy with keeping the Nation from involvement in the Napoleonic wars, though both England and France inrerfered with the neutral right of American merchantmen. Jefferson's solution, an embargo upon Amerian shipping, worked badly and was unpopular.

James madison

Madison was troubled with the tension between England and France that led British ships to forcibly stop U.S. trading ships and seize American saliors. Decleared war on Britian in 1812. After serval defeats in th candain front, britain attacked washington.